Reference · Glossary
Glossary
The Arabic grammar words Kashf Al-Mufradaat uses as table headings. Learn them as vocabulary — the book never translates them, and the teacher will use them. Grows with each lesson.
Table headings (every lesson)
| Term | Meaning | Where |
|---|---|---|
| المُفْرَدُ | the singular | vocabulary table, col. 1 |
| الجَمْعُ الأَوَّلُ / الجَمْعُ الثَّانِي | first plural / second plural (a word can have two plural forms) | vocabulary table |
| المَعْنَى | the meaning | vocabulary table, expressions table |
| المُرَادِفُ | the synonym | synonym/antonym table |
| المُضَادُّ | the antonym (opposite) | synonym/antonym table |
| المَاضِي | the past tense (of a verb) | verb table |
| المُضَارِعُ | the present tense | verb table |
| الحَرْفُ | the particle (literally “the letter”) — narrow column in the verb table: the preposition that goes with the verb, e.g. عَرَّفَ بِـ، سَكَنَ فِي; first filled in lesson 5 | verb table |
| الأَمْرُ | the imperative (command form) | verb table |
| المَصْدَرُ | the verbal noun | verb table |
| اِسْمُ الفَاعِلِ | the active participle (“the one doing”) | participle table |
| اِسْمُ المَفْعُولِ | the passive participle (“the one done to”) | participle table |
| الجُمْلَةُ | the sentence | participle / expressions table |
| التَّعْبِيرُ | the expression | expressions table |
Grammar terms met so far
| Term | Meaning | Lesson |
|---|---|---|
| الدَّرْسُ الأَوَّلُ | the first lesson | 1 |
| الضَّمَائِرُ المُنْفَصِلَةُ | the detached (independent) pronouns — أَنَا، أَنْتَ، هُوَ … | 1 |
| الدَّرْسُ الثَّانِي | the second lesson | 2 |
| ضَمَائِرُ المِلْكِيَّةِ | the possessive pronouns — the endings ـي، ـنَا، ـكَ، ـهُ … | 2 |
| الدَّرْسُ الثَّالِثُ | the third lesson | 3 |
| أَسْمَاءُ الإِشَارَةِ | the demonstrative pronouns — هَذَا، هَذِهِ، ذَلِكَ … | 3 |
| الدَّرْسُ الرَّابِعُ | the fourth lesson | 4 |
| تَصْرِيفُ الفِعْلِ المُضَارِعِ | conjugation of the present-tense verb — the fourteen-person table on p. 34 | 4 |
| الضَّمِيرُ | the pronoun (singular of الضَّمَائِرُ) — heading of the test's conjugation table | 4 (test) |
| مُذَكَّرٌ / مُؤَنَّثٌ | masculine / feminine — the test's labels on the two هُمَا rows | 4 (test) |
| الدَّرْسُ الخَامِسُ | the fifth lesson | 5 |
| السِّينُ وَسَوْفَ | “the sīn and sawfa” — the future tense: سَـ or سَوْفَ + present (p. 43) | 5 |
| مُسْتَقْبَلٌ | future — the test's column label on p. 39 (نَحْنُ، مُسْتَقْبَل); also the everyday word “the future” | 5 (test) |
Vowel signs (ḥarakāt)
Not a book table, but the names your teacher and Anki deck use.
| Sign | Name | Sound |
|---|---|---|
| بَ | fatḥa | short a |
| بِ | kasra | short i |
| بُ | ḍamma | short u |
| بْ | sukūn | no vowel |
| بّ | shadda | doubled consonant |
| بًا بٍ بٌ | tanwīn (fatḥ, kasr, ḍamm) | -an, -in, -un — marks an indefinite noun |